Japan's rising machinery orders boost the economy
Japan's core machinery orders, a key indicator of capital expenditure, rose more than forecast in April in a positive sign for the economy.
Orders rose 5.7% from a month earlier. Most analysts had projected a 1.5% growth.
The figures come amid fears that a slowing economy coupled with a strong yen might see manufacturers shift production overseas.
However, analysts said the data showed that firms were confident about growth.
"The machinery orders are an early indicator of how the economy is doing, giving us an hint of investment trends," Martin Schulz of Fujitsu Research Institute in Tokyo told the BBC.
"Strong orders indicate that reconstruction demand is kicking in, which is a good sign as domestic economy is going to be key to overall growth this year."
Bank action
The strength of the Japanese yen has been one of the biggest concerns among Japanese manufacturers.
A strong currency not only makes Japanese goods more expensive to foreign buyers but also hurts their earnings when they repatriate earnings back home.
The yen has been highly volatile in recent months, rising by more than 10% against the US dollar between April and October last year. It was trading at 75.75 yen against the US dollar in late October.
That led to the Japanese central bank intervening in the currency markets.
Though the currency has weakened since, it still remains at a level considered high by most Japanese manufacturers.
It was trading close to 79.67 yen against the US dollar in Asian trade on Wednesday.
The strong currency has led to concerns that Japanese firms may lose their competitiveness and be forced to shift their production overseas.
However, analysts said that strong action by the Japanese central bank to stem the yen's rise in the past had helped to allay those fears.
"Japanese policymakers have been prepared to intervene in the market and that is providing another layer of comfort to the Japanese businesses," said Mr Schulz of Fujitsu Research Institute.
Rabu, 13 Juni 2012
Culling bats does not halt rabies, says report
Culling vampire bats in South American nations does not curb the spread of rabies, in fact it could actually be counterproductive, a study suggests.
Until now, it had been assumed that controlling bat numbers would, in turn, control the spread of the rabies virus.
Researchers say rabies is found in most bat populations, but vampire bats - which feed on mammals' blood - are responsible for most infections.
The findings have been published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
"We found that rabies is there no matter what," said co-author Daniel Streicker, an ecologist at the University of Georgia, US.
"The size of the bat colony didn't predict the proportion of bats that were exposed to the virus.
"That's important because if there is no relationship between bat population density and rabies, then reducing the bat population won't reduce rabies transmission within bats."
For about three decades, the main focus in Peru to halt the spread of the virus - which is transmitted from animals to humans or livestock, and results in death if left untreated - has been to cull common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) using poisons, or even explosives.
The researchers, writing in their paper, explained that the data they collected over a 40-month period from 20 sampling sites revealed that culling was not having the desired effect.
In fact, Dr Streicker explained, the findings suggested that culling had a potentially counterproductive impact.
"In areas that were sporadically culled during the course of the study, we saw an increase in the proportion of bats exposed to rabies," he said.
Colonies that were frequently culled had slightly lower rates, the study showed, yet the ones that had never been culled had the lowest rates of all.
It is suggested that increasing levels of human encroachment into areas with vampire bat populations has exacerbated the problem.
Dr Streicker and the team said the study would continue for another two years, with the goal of developing a scientific-based solution.
The researchers hope the findings will help deliver a more effective method to protect public health and agricultural interests from the virus.
Culling vampire bats in South American nations does not curb the spread of rabies, in fact it could actually be counterproductive, a study suggests.
Until now, it had been assumed that controlling bat numbers would, in turn, control the spread of the rabies virus.
Researchers say rabies is found in most bat populations, but vampire bats - which feed on mammals' blood - are responsible for most infections.
The findings have been published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
"We found that rabies is there no matter what," said co-author Daniel Streicker, an ecologist at the University of Georgia, US.
"The size of the bat colony didn't predict the proportion of bats that were exposed to the virus.
"That's important because if there is no relationship between bat population density and rabies, then reducing the bat population won't reduce rabies transmission within bats."
For about three decades, the main focus in Peru to halt the spread of the virus - which is transmitted from animals to humans or livestock, and results in death if left untreated - has been to cull common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) using poisons, or even explosives.
The researchers, writing in their paper, explained that the data they collected over a 40-month period from 20 sampling sites revealed that culling was not having the desired effect.
In fact, Dr Streicker explained, the findings suggested that culling had a potentially counterproductive impact.
"In areas that were sporadically culled during the course of the study, we saw an increase in the proportion of bats exposed to rabies," he said.
Colonies that were frequently culled had slightly lower rates, the study showed, yet the ones that had never been culled had the lowest rates of all.
It is suggested that increasing levels of human encroachment into areas with vampire bat populations has exacerbated the problem.
Dr Streicker and the team said the study would continue for another two years, with the goal of developing a scientific-based solution.
The researchers hope the findings will help deliver a more effective method to protect public health and agricultural interests from the virus.
Diesel exhausts do cause cancer, says WHO
Exhaust fumes from diesel engines do cause cancer, a panel of experts working for the World Health Organization says.
It concluded that the exhausts were definitely a cause of lung cancer and may also cause tumours in the bladder.
It based the findings on research in high-risk workers such as miners, railway workers and truck drivers.
However, the panel said everyone should try to reduce their exposure to diesel exhaust fumes.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer, a part of the World Health Organization, had previously labelled diesel exhausts as probably carcinogenic to humans.
IARC has now labelled exhausts as a definite cause of cancer, although it does not compare how risky different carcinogens are. Diesel exhausts are now in the same group as carcinogens ranging from wood chippings to plutonium and sunlight to alcohol.
It is thought people working in at-risk industries have about a 40% increased risk of developing lung cancer.
Dr Christopher Portier, who led the assessment, said: "The scientific evidence was compelling and the Working Group's conclusion was unanimous, diesel engine exhaust causes lung cancer in humans.
"Given the additional health impacts from diesel particulates, exposure to this mixture of chemicals should be reduced worldwide."
The impact on the wider population, which is exposed to diesel fumes at much lower levels and for shorter periods of time, is unknown.
Dr Kurt Straif, also from IARC, said: "For most of the carcinogens when there is high exposure the risk is higher, when there is lower exposure the risk is lower."
There have been considerable efforts to clean up diesel exhausts. Lower sulphur fuel and engines which burn the fuel more efficiently are now in use.
The UK Department of Health said: "We will carefully consider this report. Air pollutants are a significant public health concern, we are looking at this issue as part of our plans to improve public health."
Cancer Research UK said employers and workers should take appropriate action to minimise exposure to diesel fumes in the workplace.
But director of cancer information Dr Lesley Walker said the overall number of lung cancers caused by diesel fumes was "likely to be a fraction of those caused by smoking tobacco".
Exhaust fumes from diesel engines do cause cancer, a panel of experts working for the World Health Organization says.
It concluded that the exhausts were definitely a cause of lung cancer and may also cause tumours in the bladder.
It based the findings on research in high-risk workers such as miners, railway workers and truck drivers.
However, the panel said everyone should try to reduce their exposure to diesel exhaust fumes.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer, a part of the World Health Organization, had previously labelled diesel exhausts as probably carcinogenic to humans.
IARC has now labelled exhausts as a definite cause of cancer, although it does not compare how risky different carcinogens are. Diesel exhausts are now in the same group as carcinogens ranging from wood chippings to plutonium and sunlight to alcohol.
It is thought people working in at-risk industries have about a 40% increased risk of developing lung cancer.
Dr Christopher Portier, who led the assessment, said: "The scientific evidence was compelling and the Working Group's conclusion was unanimous, diesel engine exhaust causes lung cancer in humans.
"Given the additional health impacts from diesel particulates, exposure to this mixture of chemicals should be reduced worldwide."
The impact on the wider population, which is exposed to diesel fumes at much lower levels and for shorter periods of time, is unknown.
Dr Kurt Straif, also from IARC, said: "For most of the carcinogens when there is high exposure the risk is higher, when there is lower exposure the risk is lower."
There have been considerable efforts to clean up diesel exhausts. Lower sulphur fuel and engines which burn the fuel more efficiently are now in use.
The UK Department of Health said: "We will carefully consider this report. Air pollutants are a significant public health concern, we are looking at this issue as part of our plans to improve public health."
Cancer Research UK said employers and workers should take appropriate action to minimise exposure to diesel fumes in the workplace.
But director of cancer information Dr Lesley Walker said the overall number of lung cancers caused by diesel fumes was "likely to be a fraction of those caused by smoking tobacco".
Iraq: Bomb attacks in six provinces 'kill 62'
A wave of bombings in six Iraqi provinces, including 10 locations in Baghdad, has killed 62 people and wounded dozens more, Iraqi police say.
Many of the dead in the Iraqi capital were Shia pilgrims gathering for a religious festival.
In Hilla, two car bombs exploded near a restaurant, killing at least 19 people.
There has been a wave of attacks on the Shia community in recent days, as it marks the anniversary of the death of Shia imam Moussa al-Kadhim.
A man who witnessed one of the attacks in Baghdad said a car bomb had targeted pilgrims and had also hit people who were working in the city.
"People were slaughtered and killed right here. This wrecked car here belonged to a man who worked to earn his living, and another one belonged to a fuel seller. They could not find his body."
The restaurant that came under attack in Hilla is said to be frequented by police.
Continue reading the main story
Al-Kadhim festival
• Marks anniversary of the death of the 8th Century Imam Moussa al-Kadhim
• Said to be buried in a shrine in Kazimiyah, in the north of Baghdad
• Each year, a million pilgrims walk to the shrine
• In 2005, nearly 1,000 people died when rumours of an attack caused a stampede
Pictures from the scene showed the mangled remains of a restaurant, damaged cars and roads strewn with debris.
Three bombs exploded in Kirkuk, with one of them targeting the headquarters of Kurdish president Massoud Barzani. One person died and many were injured in that attack.
One man told Reuters: "I want to ask the government, why do they put party headquarters in residential areas and among the civilians? Bombs are still occurring , killing and hurting innocent people."
There are also reports of bombs in Al-Azizyah, south of Baghdad, in Mosul, and another north of Kerbala.
It is not yet clear who is responsible for Wednesday's attacks.
Four people were killed in a mortar attack near a religious shrine in Baghdad on Sunday.
Iraq's interior ministry said following that attack that there would be heightened security across the city as they anticipated further violence.
Violence in Iraq has fallen since the sectarian killings of a few years ago, but militants still frequently attack security forces and civilians.
BBC world affairs correspondent Emily Buchanan says sectarian tensions have been simmering since the US withdrawal in December last year, and this kind of violence is exactly what they had feared.
Shia Prime Minister Nouri Maliki has been trying to consolidate Shia power at the expense of Sunni and Kurdish voices, she says.
A wave of bombings in six Iraqi provinces, including 10 locations in Baghdad, has killed 62 people and wounded dozens more, Iraqi police say.
Many of the dead in the Iraqi capital were Shia pilgrims gathering for a religious festival.
In Hilla, two car bombs exploded near a restaurant, killing at least 19 people.
There has been a wave of attacks on the Shia community in recent days, as it marks the anniversary of the death of Shia imam Moussa al-Kadhim.
A man who witnessed one of the attacks in Baghdad said a car bomb had targeted pilgrims and had also hit people who were working in the city.
"People were slaughtered and killed right here. This wrecked car here belonged to a man who worked to earn his living, and another one belonged to a fuel seller. They could not find his body."
The restaurant that came under attack in Hilla is said to be frequented by police.
Continue reading the main story
Al-Kadhim festival
• Marks anniversary of the death of the 8th Century Imam Moussa al-Kadhim
• Said to be buried in a shrine in Kazimiyah, in the north of Baghdad
• Each year, a million pilgrims walk to the shrine
• In 2005, nearly 1,000 people died when rumours of an attack caused a stampede
Pictures from the scene showed the mangled remains of a restaurant, damaged cars and roads strewn with debris.
Three bombs exploded in Kirkuk, with one of them targeting the headquarters of Kurdish president Massoud Barzani. One person died and many were injured in that attack.
One man told Reuters: "I want to ask the government, why do they put party headquarters in residential areas and among the civilians? Bombs are still occurring , killing and hurting innocent people."
There are also reports of bombs in Al-Azizyah, south of Baghdad, in Mosul, and another north of Kerbala.
It is not yet clear who is responsible for Wednesday's attacks.
Four people were killed in a mortar attack near a religious shrine in Baghdad on Sunday.
Iraq's interior ministry said following that attack that there would be heightened security across the city as they anticipated further violence.
Violence in Iraq has fallen since the sectarian killings of a few years ago, but militants still frequently attack security forces and civilians.
BBC world affairs correspondent Emily Buchanan says sectarian tensions have been simmering since the US withdrawal in December last year, and this kind of violence is exactly what they had feared.
Shia Prime Minister Nouri Maliki has been trying to consolidate Shia power at the expense of Sunni and Kurdish voices, she says.
Euro 2012: Roy Hodgson to check Steven Gerrard & Scott Parker
England manager Roy Hodgson admits he may have to rotate his side for Friday's Group D match with Sweden.
Hodgson has concerns over the fitness of Scott Parker and Steven Gerrard after Monday's 1-1 draw with France.
I will have to assess the freshness of my team and see whether they are able to do that again," said Hodgson.
"Scott Parker and Steven Gerrard are both over 30 and had to work really hard. I'm not the only coach wondering 'can they do it every four days?'"
With the pre-tournament injuries to Gareth Barry (abdomen) and Frank Lampard (thigh), and the long-term injury to Arsenal's Jack Wilshere, England are short of cover in midfield.
Tottenham's Parker, 31, has been nursing an Achilles tendon, while there are concerns over 32-year-old Gerrard's ability to play two games in the space of four days, particularly in the energy sapping heat England experienced in Donetsk on Monday.
Liverpool's Jordan Henderson was a late substitute against France, while Manchester City's James Milner could also play in the middle after starting wide on the right in Donetsk.
Whoever he asks to play against Sweden, Hodgson is confident he has a squad that is in good form and capable of getting a result.
"My gut feeling, after a good recovery day on Tuesday, a sensible training day on Wednesday and sensible recovery day on Thursday, is that it will be very hard for me to leave people out," he said.
If we said 'we're going to give you a rest because it's too much to play two games in four days,' some of them would have us up against the wall.
"But what we've got to make certain of, is that if they can't, or start to show signs of fatigue, that others are ready to go in and do exactly the same job.
"The mood in the dressing room is exceptionally good because we have shown we can handle difficult conditions, against a France team of that quality, and come away with a good result."
A win against Sweden - who England beat for the first time since 1968 last year - would leave Hodgson's side in good shape to qualify for the last eight with a result in their final group game against co-hosts Ukraine on 19 June.
England manager Roy Hodgson admits he may have to rotate his side for Friday's Group D match with Sweden.
Hodgson has concerns over the fitness of Scott Parker and Steven Gerrard after Monday's 1-1 draw with France.
I will have to assess the freshness of my team and see whether they are able to do that again," said Hodgson.
"Scott Parker and Steven Gerrard are both over 30 and had to work really hard. I'm not the only coach wondering 'can they do it every four days?'"
With the pre-tournament injuries to Gareth Barry (abdomen) and Frank Lampard (thigh), and the long-term injury to Arsenal's Jack Wilshere, England are short of cover in midfield.
Tottenham's Parker, 31, has been nursing an Achilles tendon, while there are concerns over 32-year-old Gerrard's ability to play two games in the space of four days, particularly in the energy sapping heat England experienced in Donetsk on Monday.
Liverpool's Jordan Henderson was a late substitute against France, while Manchester City's James Milner could also play in the middle after starting wide on the right in Donetsk.
Whoever he asks to play against Sweden, Hodgson is confident he has a squad that is in good form and capable of getting a result.
"My gut feeling, after a good recovery day on Tuesday, a sensible training day on Wednesday and sensible recovery day on Thursday, is that it will be very hard for me to leave people out," he said.
If we said 'we're going to give you a rest because it's too much to play two games in four days,' some of them would have us up against the wall.
"But what we've got to make certain of, is that if they can't, or start to show signs of fatigue, that others are ready to go in and do exactly the same job.
"The mood in the dressing room is exceptionally good because we have shown we can handle difficult conditions, against a France team of that quality, and come away with a good result."
A win against Sweden - who England beat for the first time since 1968 last year - would leave Hodgson's side in good shape to qualify for the last eight with a result in their final group game against co-hosts Ukraine on 19 June.
penulisan
Current Power Plant Built in the Natuna Sea will
Riau Islands province develop ocean current power generation to power in the outer islands.
"While developed for marine energy generation plants, using the power of ocean currents," said Specialist Marine Eddywan, Saturday (9/6).
Based on joint research oceanographer Provesor Hashim Djalal, ocean currents known in Riau Islands waters can result in thousands of giga volt so fond, if not utilized.
"His energy was very great, the turbine could generate," said he who earned a master's degree from Tokyo University for marine pawns.
Riau Islands, he said, will use a simple technology in ocean energy generators, so that could be used by rural communities and low budget. "The budget is only around Rp 100 millions," he said.
Development, he said, would be done early 2013. "We've proposed a budget to Rp600 million 2013 budget, not big," he said.
In early 2013, he said, the team will look for a potential point for marine energy, and mapping of alternative energy generation centers. Mid-year will be assessed using simple technology masyarajat application will then be tested. And at the end of the year is distributed to the public.
"The start of 2014 has begun to be applied," he said.
Actually, ocean current power generation technologies already widely known internationally, however, because it uses a relatively expensive high-tech, it is difficult to apply in Indonesia.
Riau Islands, trying to reduce costs and try to use simple technology to be used by people.
As an early stage, the technology will be applied on the outer islands are inhabited Homeland. "As Keramut Island and Sea Island in Natuna regency and provincial
Current Power Plant Built in the Natuna Sea will
Riau Islands province develop ocean current power generation to power in the outer islands.
"While developed for marine energy generation plants, using the power of ocean currents," said Specialist Marine Eddywan, Saturday (9/6).
Based on joint research oceanographer Provesor Hashim Djalal, ocean currents known in Riau Islands waters can result in thousands of giga volt so fond, if not utilized.
"His energy was very great, the turbine could generate," said he who earned a master's degree from Tokyo University for marine pawns.
Riau Islands, he said, will use a simple technology in ocean energy generators, so that could be used by rural communities and low budget. "The budget is only around Rp 100 millions," he said.
Development, he said, would be done early 2013. "We've proposed a budget to Rp600 million 2013 budget, not big," he said.
In early 2013, he said, the team will look for a potential point for marine energy, and mapping of alternative energy generation centers. Mid-year will be assessed using simple technology masyarajat application will then be tested. And at the end of the year is distributed to the public.
"The start of 2014 has begun to be applied," he said.
Actually, ocean current power generation technologies already widely known internationally, however, because it uses a relatively expensive high-tech, it is difficult to apply in Indonesia.
Riau Islands, trying to reduce costs and try to use simple technology to be used by people.
As an early stage, the technology will be applied on the outer islands are inhabited Homeland. "As Keramut Island and Sea Island in Natuna regency and provincial
New Zealand Athlete Who Opened Escort Service Earns Olympic
A taekwondo athlete who opened escort agency to help fund his campaign to complete at the London Olympics has succeeded in winning a place a new Zealand games team.
Logan Campbell opened what he call “a high-class ” agency in Auckland in 2009 to help raise the 300.000 new Zealand dollars ($ 245.000) he believe he needed to compete internationally to qualify for the London Olympic. Prostitution is legal in new Zealand.
Campbell sold the agency a year later after the fund raising move was criticized by taekwondo new Zealand and the national Olympic committee.
“ At the team taekwondo wasn’t getting any funding at all.” Campbell said “to get good at the sport, you had to get international competition an there wasn’t any funding for us.”
Campbell said that changed after the media got involved.
“[sponsors] started funding taekwondo and I didn’t need the escort agency anymore.” He said
Campbell will compete in the under-60 kg class in london as one of three new Zealand taekwondo athlete . he said finished in the top 16 in the under 58 kg class at the 2008 beijing Olympic
Campbell said when he initially opened the escort agency. He received a letter from the new Zealand Olympic committee saying it was not an appropriate business to be connected with taekwondo or the Olympic movement .
He said he was warned that his selection changes could be reduce if the continued to operate the business and decided to sell the agency in 2010.” A lot of things have transpired since then,” Campbell said.
He received agrant of 50.000 new Zealand dollars from new Zealand’s central sport funding agency which enabled him to train full time and compete overseas. He in the weight division in oceania.
“ after I qualified there was no .’oh we are not going to send you because you had an escort agency,’ “ he said “we sent our application in , they approved us all and they called me and said, “ congratulation , you’re going to olympics
A taekwondo athlete who opened escort agency to help fund his campaign to complete at the London Olympics has succeeded in winning a place a new Zealand games team.
Logan Campbell opened what he call “a high-class ” agency in Auckland in 2009 to help raise the 300.000 new Zealand dollars ($ 245.000) he believe he needed to compete internationally to qualify for the London Olympic. Prostitution is legal in new Zealand.
Campbell sold the agency a year later after the fund raising move was criticized by taekwondo new Zealand and the national Olympic committee.
“ At the team taekwondo wasn’t getting any funding at all.” Campbell said “to get good at the sport, you had to get international competition an there wasn’t any funding for us.”
Campbell said that changed after the media got involved.
“[sponsors] started funding taekwondo and I didn’t need the escort agency anymore.” He said
Campbell will compete in the under-60 kg class in london as one of three new Zealand taekwondo athlete . he said finished in the top 16 in the under 58 kg class at the 2008 beijing Olympic
Campbell said when he initially opened the escort agency. He received a letter from the new Zealand Olympic committee saying it was not an appropriate business to be connected with taekwondo or the Olympic movement .
He said he was warned that his selection changes could be reduce if the continued to operate the business and decided to sell the agency in 2010.” A lot of things have transpired since then,” Campbell said.
He received agrant of 50.000 new Zealand dollars from new Zealand’s central sport funding agency which enabled him to train full time and compete overseas. He in the weight division in oceania.
“ after I qualified there was no .’oh we are not going to send you because you had an escort agency,’ “ he said “we sent our application in , they approved us all and they called me and said, “ congratulation , you’re going to olympics
Train Station Smoking Ban Takes Effect
Five of the main train station in the grater Jakarta area officially banned smoking in all public areas on Wednesday, following an earlier nationwide ban on smoking aboard trains.
Purnomo Radiq, head of the Jakarta operational zone for state railway operator kereta api Indonesia, said the latest ban is part of the stations effort to comply with a 2009 bylaw against smoking in public building and areas.
The station involved are Bogor, Manggarai, Senen, Jakarta and Tanah Abang , where official hang up huge “no smoking” banners that members of the public could sign in a show of support. Smoking section have been mark out at station. “ we’re doing this for the good of the passenger, so that they can be free of the menace of smoke in all public areas of the station as well as inside the trains.” Purnomo said.
“for this to work effectively ” we need the support of the public,”.
The latest ban comes two week after KAAI banned smoking on board all train across the country. From March 1, passenger w required to live the train to light up. With the new measure, the station are new also off-limits.
Eman Sulaiman, the Bogor station head, said official there had been notifying passengers about the station wide ban since the earlier ban came into force.
“ people shouldn’t be smoking when other are parent.” He said
“ smoking causes all kinds of disease. So if you’re going to smoke, deal with the consequences yourself, but don’t make other fall sick.”
Taufic, head of Pondok Cina station in Depok, said he had implemented similar restriction there about six month ago but had found difficult to stop people from lighting up wherever they wanted.
“ we need to find a way to do it that’s effective,” he said.
He added that part of the reason it had not been effective at Pondok Cina was because there were no designated smoking areas.
Five of the main train station in the grater Jakarta area officially banned smoking in all public areas on Wednesday, following an earlier nationwide ban on smoking aboard trains.
Purnomo Radiq, head of the Jakarta operational zone for state railway operator kereta api Indonesia, said the latest ban is part of the stations effort to comply with a 2009 bylaw against smoking in public building and areas.
The station involved are Bogor, Manggarai, Senen, Jakarta and Tanah Abang , where official hang up huge “no smoking” banners that members of the public could sign in a show of support. Smoking section have been mark out at station. “ we’re doing this for the good of the passenger, so that they can be free of the menace of smoke in all public areas of the station as well as inside the trains.” Purnomo said.
“for this to work effectively ” we need the support of the public,”.
The latest ban comes two week after KAAI banned smoking on board all train across the country. From March 1, passenger w required to live the train to light up. With the new measure, the station are new also off-limits.
Eman Sulaiman, the Bogor station head, said official there had been notifying passengers about the station wide ban since the earlier ban came into force.
“ people shouldn’t be smoking when other are parent.” He said
“ smoking causes all kinds of disease. So if you’re going to smoke, deal with the consequences yourself, but don’t make other fall sick.”
Taufic, head of Pondok Cina station in Depok, said he had implemented similar restriction there about six month ago but had found difficult to stop people from lighting up wherever they wanted.
“ we need to find a way to do it that’s effective,” he said.
He added that part of the reason it had not been effective at Pondok Cina was because there were no designated smoking areas.
Borneo, Krakatau Agree Deal Over Coking Coal
Asmin Koalindo Tuhup, the unit of Borneo Lumbung energy and metal, plans to supply coking coal to Krakatau steel, the nation’s steel maker, in 2014.
Both companies signed the deal in Jakarta on Wednesday. Asmin will supply 900.000 tons of coal per years to the steel maker, according to agreement.
“ we need the coking coal to help boost our steel production,” said Fazwar Bujang, president director of Krakatau steel.
Fazwar said the coal would help boost steel production at Banten Krakatau. Fazwar said there would be an additional 1.2 million tons of steel production in 201.
Ken Allan of Borneo Lumbung said that the company would arrange a special price for Krakatau steel, a state-run enterprise.
He said the average price of coking coal was forecast to increase 13 percent to $230 Perton this year from last year’s average price $200 per ton.
“the selling price will be a special one,” he said “we’ll do that in order to support the steel production in the country.”
The company need ti the boost its production to meet global demand, Fazwar said.
Fazwar said the global steel demand stood at 1.4 billion tons per year. China, with the world’s second-biggest economy, supplied about 700 million tons of steel per year to meet the global demand.
Asmin Koalindo Tuhup, the unit of Borneo Lumbung energy and metal, plans to supply coking coal to Krakatau steel, the nation’s steel maker, in 2014.
Both companies signed the deal in Jakarta on Wednesday. Asmin will supply 900.000 tons of coal per years to the steel maker, according to agreement.
“ we need the coking coal to help boost our steel production,” said Fazwar Bujang, president director of Krakatau steel.
Fazwar said the coal would help boost steel production at Banten Krakatau. Fazwar said there would be an additional 1.2 million tons of steel production in 201.
Ken Allan of Borneo Lumbung said that the company would arrange a special price for Krakatau steel, a state-run enterprise.
He said the average price of coking coal was forecast to increase 13 percent to $230 Perton this year from last year’s average price $200 per ton.
“the selling price will be a special one,” he said “we’ll do that in order to support the steel production in the country.”
The company need ti the boost its production to meet global demand, Fazwar said.
Fazwar said the global steel demand stood at 1.4 billion tons per year. China, with the world’s second-biggest economy, supplied about 700 million tons of steel per year to meet the global demand.
Indonesian To Boost Rupiah Bond Sales To Fund Widening Deficit
The government will boost rupiah-denominated bond sale this year to raise funds to plug its widening budget deficit, a finance ministry official said on Wednesday.
Rahmat Waluyanto, director general of the debt management office at the finance ministry, said the government will prioritize rupiah-denominated bond sales this year ahead at the sale of dollar-denominated notes.
“our priority is for more rupiah-denominated bond sales, but it could be mixed. We are flexible and we are going to take more efficient route,” Rahmat said in text message.
He did not say if a dollar-denominated bond sale was still being considered.
The government proposed in the state budget, submitted to legislature this week, to raise net bond sales by Rp 25 trillion to Rp 159,6 trillion this year. The amount was higher than the original estimate of Rp 134,6 trillion.
The government sold rupiah and dollar-denominated bonds in past years to finance its budget deficit. The budget shortfall is forecast to hit Rp 190 trillion this year, representing 2, 2 percent of gross domestic product, compared to the original forecast of 1,5 percent. “ market demand remains good” said indo premier securities analyst Dino Nunuhitu. “ investor will flock in to the upcoming bond sales.”
The government raised Rp. 1,6 trillion by selling rupiah. Denominated Islamic bond on Tuesday . total bids by investors reached Rp. 5,3 trillion, according to data from the web site of the debt management office.
The government also plant to sell rupiah-denominated Islamic bonds to retail investors next week.
The government set the return on notes maturing in September 2015 at 6.25 percent. Dahlan Siamat, director for Islamic financing at the debt management office said that demand was substantial.
The government will boost rupiah-denominated bond sale this year to raise funds to plug its widening budget deficit, a finance ministry official said on Wednesday.
Rahmat Waluyanto, director general of the debt management office at the finance ministry, said the government will prioritize rupiah-denominated bond sales this year ahead at the sale of dollar-denominated notes.
“our priority is for more rupiah-denominated bond sales, but it could be mixed. We are flexible and we are going to take more efficient route,” Rahmat said in text message.
He did not say if a dollar-denominated bond sale was still being considered.
The government proposed in the state budget, submitted to legislature this week, to raise net bond sales by Rp 25 trillion to Rp 159,6 trillion this year. The amount was higher than the original estimate of Rp 134,6 trillion.
The government sold rupiah and dollar-denominated bonds in past years to finance its budget deficit. The budget shortfall is forecast to hit Rp 190 trillion this year, representing 2, 2 percent of gross domestic product, compared to the original forecast of 1,5 percent. “ market demand remains good” said indo premier securities analyst Dino Nunuhitu. “ investor will flock in to the upcoming bond sales.”
The government raised Rp. 1,6 trillion by selling rupiah. Denominated Islamic bond on Tuesday . total bids by investors reached Rp. 5,3 trillion, according to data from the web site of the debt management office.
The government also plant to sell rupiah-denominated Islamic bonds to retail investors next week.
The government set the return on notes maturing in September 2015 at 6.25 percent. Dahlan Siamat, director for Islamic financing at the debt management office said that demand was substantial.
tugas bahasa inggris bisnis 2
Economist says fuel subsidy policy will save Rp57t
Pricier Petrol ‘Will Lead To More Riding Motorcycles’
Commuters will abandon their private cars and public transportation in favor of motor cycles once the government increases the price of subsidized fuel, a group of transformation expert says.
Danang perkiest, the chairman of Indonesian transportation society (MIT), said motorcycles sales growth could nearly double this year after the government increases the price of the widely-used subsidized fuel, premium, by 33 percent in april.
He is figuring on a rise in sales of 15 percent this year. Indonesian last year recorded a 8,7 percent increase in motorcycle sales to 8,01 million units, a record high. Danang also predicated sales of small-engine cars to increase, but did not give any figures.
While the revelation was good for the motor bike industry, Danang expressed concern that “there will be major shift” to motorcycles by those using public transportation and private cars.
“ that is if the government does not make improvement in public transport service” he said.
“ we were worried big cities like Jakarta, Surabaya,Makasar, Medan and Bandung would get more crowded” Danang told investor daily.
The statement came as leading economist reaffirmed the saving the public finances by the curbing of subsidy spending as Rp57 trillion.
Aviliani, an economist at the institute of the development of economic an finance ( indef ), said the saving would be brought about by the government’s policy of increasing the price of premium from Rp 4,500 to Rp 6,000.
The saving would represent nearly one third of the Rp 190 trillion budget deficit the government is forecast the post this year. on transport, data from the Indonesian national police traffic corps shows last year there were 69 million motorbikes registered, compared to 59,8 million in 2010.
Motorbikes made up 81 percent of the total vehicle population in Indonesia (including passenger cars, buses and commercial vehicles ) last year.
Danang said the government must allocate at least 70 percent of the savings from raising the subsidized fuel price toward development in public transportation .without such a policy, Danang said, the government is “egotistic” as it would only favor the wealthy without paying attention to the public’s mobility needs.
Ahmad Muhibudin, a spokesman for Astra Honda Motor, the country’s assembler and distributor of Honda motorcycles, disputed claims the price rise would prompt an increase in motorcycles sales, saying that the policy would in fact decrease consumer purchasing power. However, he added : “we believe the government will do its best to minimize the negative impact of the price increase to consumption. We are still hoping that sales will remain strong. ”
Pricier Petrol ‘Will Lead To More Riding Motorcycles’
Commuters will abandon their private cars and public transportation in favor of motor cycles once the government increases the price of subsidized fuel, a group of transformation expert says.
Danang perkiest, the chairman of Indonesian transportation society (MIT), said motorcycles sales growth could nearly double this year after the government increases the price of the widely-used subsidized fuel, premium, by 33 percent in april.
He is figuring on a rise in sales of 15 percent this year. Indonesian last year recorded a 8,7 percent increase in motorcycle sales to 8,01 million units, a record high. Danang also predicated sales of small-engine cars to increase, but did not give any figures.
While the revelation was good for the motor bike industry, Danang expressed concern that “there will be major shift” to motorcycles by those using public transportation and private cars.
“ that is if the government does not make improvement in public transport service” he said.
“ we were worried big cities like Jakarta, Surabaya,Makasar, Medan and Bandung would get more crowded” Danang told investor daily.
The statement came as leading economist reaffirmed the saving the public finances by the curbing of subsidy spending as Rp57 trillion.
Aviliani, an economist at the institute of the development of economic an finance ( indef ), said the saving would be brought about by the government’s policy of increasing the price of premium from Rp 4,500 to Rp 6,000.
The saving would represent nearly one third of the Rp 190 trillion budget deficit the government is forecast the post this year. on transport, data from the Indonesian national police traffic corps shows last year there were 69 million motorbikes registered, compared to 59,8 million in 2010.
Motorbikes made up 81 percent of the total vehicle population in Indonesia (including passenger cars, buses and commercial vehicles ) last year.
Danang said the government must allocate at least 70 percent of the savings from raising the subsidized fuel price toward development in public transportation .without such a policy, Danang said, the government is “egotistic” as it would only favor the wealthy without paying attention to the public’s mobility needs.
Ahmad Muhibudin, a spokesman for Astra Honda Motor, the country’s assembler and distributor of Honda motorcycles, disputed claims the price rise would prompt an increase in motorcycles sales, saying that the policy would in fact decrease consumer purchasing power. However, he added : “we believe the government will do its best to minimize the negative impact of the price increase to consumption. We are still hoping that sales will remain strong. ”
Rabu, 18 April 2012
folklore(cerita rakyat)
Cerita Jaka Tarub and Nawang Wulan bahasa inggris
Jaka Tarub was a handsome and diligent young man. He lived in a village near a lake. One day, when Jaka Tarub passed the lake, he heard some giggles and laughs of some girls who were bathing in the lake. He was curious, so he peeped through the bushes. There were seven beautiful girls in the lake. They’re fairies from the heavenly kingdom of kahyangan. Jaka Tarub saw a scarf near the bushes. It belonged to one of the fairies. Jaka Tarub then took it and hid it.
Crack!!! Accidentally, Jaka Tarub stepped on a twig. “There’s someone!” said one of the fairies. “Let’s get back. Hurry!” she said. They pulled over and wear their scarf. “Where is my scarf?” one of the fairies couldn’t find her scarf. She was the youngest fairy called Nawang Wulan. They tried to search for it, but it was no where to be found. “We’re sorry, Wulan. We have to go back to kahyangan,” said the eldest fairy. “You’ll have to find it by yourself. We’ll wait for you in kahyangan,” she said in empathy. The other fairies then flew to the sky leaving Nawang Wulan behind. Nawang Wulan saw them leaving in tears. She was so sad.
“Excuse me …,” said Jaka Tarub, startling Nawang Wulan. “Are you okay?” he asked. Nawang Wulan moved backward, “Who are you?” she asked. “My name is Jaka Tarub. I was passing by and I heard you crying, so I came to see what happen,” Jaka Tarub lied. Nawang Wulan then told him about her problem. “I can’t fly without my scarf,” she said. Jaka Tarub then asked Nawang Wulan to come home with him. At first, Nawang Wulan refused the offer. But since she didn’t have anywhere else to go, Nawang Wulan then decided to follow Jaka Tarub.
Nawang Wulan stayed with Jaka Tarub in the village. A month passed, and they decided to get married. Nawang Wulan was willing to marry a human because she fell in love with Jaka Tarub. After a year, they had a beautiful daughter. They named her Kumalasari. They lived happily.
Jaka Tarub was also happy to live with Nawang Wulan and Kumalasari. Especially because he always got a lot of harvest since he married Nawang Wulan. He couldn’t even keep all of his harvest in the barn because it was always full. “It’s so weird. Nawang Wulan cooked everyday, but why is my barn always full,” Jaka Tarub mumbled to himself. He was so curious. One day, Jaka Tarub stayed at home. “I want to stay home today. I’d like to play with Kumalasari,” he said to his wife. “Well, I’ll go to the river to wash the clothes. Please keep an eye on Kumalasari,” asked Nawang Wulan. “I’m cooking rice now. Please do not open the pan cover before it’s done,” she said just before she left. “Could this be the secret?” Jaka Tarub thought. After Nawang Wulan left, he curiously opened the pan cover. He found only one single paddy. “How come?” he wondered.
Before lunch, Nawang Wulan came home. She headed to the kitchen to see the rice she had cooked. She found that the rice turned into only a few grains. “Did you open the pan cover?” she asked her husband. “I… I’m sorry. I was curious,” Jaka Tarub said as he realized his fault.
Ever since, Nawang Wulan had lost her power. She couldn’t cook rice with only a single paddy. Their paddy supply was slowly lessened. Their barn was almost empty. One day, Nawang Wulan went to the barn to get some paddy. When she took one of them, she found a scarf. “What’s this? This is my scarf,” said Nawang Wulan startled.
That night, Nawang Wulan asked her husband about the scarf. Jaka Tarub’s eyes widened, “You found it?” he asked. Jaka Tarub looked down and asked for her forgiveness. “Because I’ve found my scarf, it’s time for me to go back to where I belong,” Nawang Wulan said. Jaka Tarub tried to stop her, but Nawang Wulan had made up her mind. “Please take good care of Kumalasari,” she said. “If she wanted to see me, take seven grains of candlenut and put it into a basket. Shake it as you play the bamboo flute. I’ll come to see her,” she explained.
Jaka Tarub promised to take good care of their daughter. He once again asked for forgiveness for all of his mistakes. “I’ve forgiven you, so you don’t have to feel guilty. I must go now. Take care,” said Nawang Wulan as she flew to the bright full moon.**
Jaka Tarub was a handsome and diligent young man. He lived in a village near a lake. One day, when Jaka Tarub passed the lake, he heard some giggles and laughs of some girls who were bathing in the lake. He was curious, so he peeped through the bushes. There were seven beautiful girls in the lake. They’re fairies from the heavenly kingdom of kahyangan. Jaka Tarub saw a scarf near the bushes. It belonged to one of the fairies. Jaka Tarub then took it and hid it.
Crack!!! Accidentally, Jaka Tarub stepped on a twig. “There’s someone!” said one of the fairies. “Let’s get back. Hurry!” she said. They pulled over and wear their scarf. “Where is my scarf?” one of the fairies couldn’t find her scarf. She was the youngest fairy called Nawang Wulan. They tried to search for it, but it was no where to be found. “We’re sorry, Wulan. We have to go back to kahyangan,” said the eldest fairy. “You’ll have to find it by yourself. We’ll wait for you in kahyangan,” she said in empathy. The other fairies then flew to the sky leaving Nawang Wulan behind. Nawang Wulan saw them leaving in tears. She was so sad.
“Excuse me …,” said Jaka Tarub, startling Nawang Wulan. “Are you okay?” he asked. Nawang Wulan moved backward, “Who are you?” she asked. “My name is Jaka Tarub. I was passing by and I heard you crying, so I came to see what happen,” Jaka Tarub lied. Nawang Wulan then told him about her problem. “I can’t fly without my scarf,” she said. Jaka Tarub then asked Nawang Wulan to come home with him. At first, Nawang Wulan refused the offer. But since she didn’t have anywhere else to go, Nawang Wulan then decided to follow Jaka Tarub.
Nawang Wulan stayed with Jaka Tarub in the village. A month passed, and they decided to get married. Nawang Wulan was willing to marry a human because she fell in love with Jaka Tarub. After a year, they had a beautiful daughter. They named her Kumalasari. They lived happily.
Jaka Tarub was also happy to live with Nawang Wulan and Kumalasari. Especially because he always got a lot of harvest since he married Nawang Wulan. He couldn’t even keep all of his harvest in the barn because it was always full. “It’s so weird. Nawang Wulan cooked everyday, but why is my barn always full,” Jaka Tarub mumbled to himself. He was so curious. One day, Jaka Tarub stayed at home. “I want to stay home today. I’d like to play with Kumalasari,” he said to his wife. “Well, I’ll go to the river to wash the clothes. Please keep an eye on Kumalasari,” asked Nawang Wulan. “I’m cooking rice now. Please do not open the pan cover before it’s done,” she said just before she left. “Could this be the secret?” Jaka Tarub thought. After Nawang Wulan left, he curiously opened the pan cover. He found only one single paddy. “How come?” he wondered.
Before lunch, Nawang Wulan came home. She headed to the kitchen to see the rice she had cooked. She found that the rice turned into only a few grains. “Did you open the pan cover?” she asked her husband. “I… I’m sorry. I was curious,” Jaka Tarub said as he realized his fault.
Ever since, Nawang Wulan had lost her power. She couldn’t cook rice with only a single paddy. Their paddy supply was slowly lessened. Their barn was almost empty. One day, Nawang Wulan went to the barn to get some paddy. When she took one of them, she found a scarf. “What’s this? This is my scarf,” said Nawang Wulan startled.
That night, Nawang Wulan asked her husband about the scarf. Jaka Tarub’s eyes widened, “You found it?” he asked. Jaka Tarub looked down and asked for her forgiveness. “Because I’ve found my scarf, it’s time for me to go back to where I belong,” Nawang Wulan said. Jaka Tarub tried to stop her, but Nawang Wulan had made up her mind. “Please take good care of Kumalasari,” she said. “If she wanted to see me, take seven grains of candlenut and put it into a basket. Shake it as you play the bamboo flute. I’ll come to see her,” she explained.
Jaka Tarub promised to take good care of their daughter. He once again asked for forgiveness for all of his mistakes. “I’ve forgiven you, so you don’t have to feel guilty. I must go now. Take care,” said Nawang Wulan as she flew to the bright full moon.**
tentang pronouns dan adjective clause
Subject Pronouns
Personal pronouns yang digunakan sebagai subjek kata kerja adalah I, you, he, she, it, we, dan they. Perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut ini:
- Lisa likes cats. She has four cats.
Pada kalimat pertama, Lisa (proper noun) adalah subjek kalimat atau subjek kata kerja likes. Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, she adalah subjek kalimat dan sebagai kata ganti untuk Lisa.
Beberapa contoh personal pronouns sebagai subjek:
- My name is Michael. I am fourteen.
- My father works hard. He works in a factory.
- My sister is older than me. She is twelve.
- Our dog is very naughty. It likes to chase cats.
- Bob, you are a bad boy!
- David and I are playing football. We like sports.
- Jim and Jeff are my brothers. They are older than I am.
Object Pronouns
Personal pronouns yang digunakan sebagai objek kata kerja adalah me, you, him, her, it, us dan them. Perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut ini:
- Lisa likes cats. She likes to stroke them.
Pada kalimat pertama, cats adalah objek kalimat atau objek kata kerja likes. Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, them adalah objek kalimat dan sebagai kata ganti untuk cats.
Beberapa contoh personal pronouns sebagai objek:
- I’m doing my homework. Dad is helping me.
- Goodbye, children! I’ll call you later.
- Where is John? I need to speak to him.
- Miss Garcia is very nice. All the children like her.
- The car is very dirty. Mom is cleaning it.
- Uncle Harry called Mary to ask her a question.
- My chocolates are all gone. Someone has eaten them.
Dalam tata bahasa Inggris, pembicara atau orang yang berbicara disebut dengan orang pertama (first person), sedangkan yang diajak berbicara adalah orang kedua (second person), dan orang yang dibicarakan disebut sebagai orang ketiga (third person).
Berikut ini adalah tabel kata ganti untuk orang pertama, kedua, dan ketiga.
Pengertian
• Personal Pronoun:
Kata ganti untuk mengacu pada orang yang yang diajak bicara atau orang yang dibicarakan. Diantaranya, you; they dll.
• Pronoun yang menunjukkan yang berbicara (the speaker):
first person (Orang pertama): orang yang berbicara→orang I
second person (orang kedua): orang yang diajak bicara→orang II
third person (orang ketiga)→orang yang dibicarakan→orang III
• Personal Pronoun:
1. Personal Pronoun as subject (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai subject)
2. Personal Pronoun as object (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai object)
Personal Pronoun as Subject
• Personal Pronoun as Subject (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai Subject):
Tunggal:
Orang I : I (saya)
Orang II : you (kamu)
Orang III :
he (dia–laki-laki
she (dia-perempuan)
it (dia /ini/ itu-benda atau hewan tunggal)
• Jamak:
Orang I : we (kami atau kita)
Orang II : you (kalian)
Orang III : they (mereka)
•Dalam kalimat affirmative (+) , personal pronoun sebagai subject terlatak di awal kalimat, sesuai dengan pola kalimat dasar bahasa Inggris : S V O K
•Contoh penggunaan personal pronoun as subject dalam kalimat:
1.I am happy. (Saya bahagia)
2.You are very kind. (Kamu sangat baik hati)
3.Are you angry with me? (Apakah kamu marah pada saya?
4.He is a student. (Dia seorang pelajar)
5.Is he your son? (Apakah dia anak lelaki kamu?)
6.That is Miss Ida. She is not a nurse. (Itu Miss Ida. Dia bukan seorang perawat)
7.They hope us to come. (Mereka mengharapkan kita datang)
8.I would like to visit you someday, Mr and Mrs Douglas. (Saya ingin mengunjungi anda sekalian suatu hari nanti, Mr dan Mrs Douglas)
•Contoh- contoh lain
1.I really adore him. (Saya sunguh-sungguh memujanya.)
2.Do you want me to help you? ( Apakah kamu ingin membantu saya?)
3.He does not love you, I think. ( Dia (l) tidak mencintai anda, saya rasa)
4.She lives around here, doesn't she? (Dia tinggal di sekitar sisni, kan?
5.What did she say? (Apa yang dia (p) katakan?
6.It is a tiger, isn't it? (Dia ( bin) seekor harimau, kan?)
7.Is it a DVD or a CD? (apakah dia (benda) sebuah DVD atau sebuah CD?)
8.A: Where are you from? (Dari mana kalian?)
B and C : We are from the market. (Kami dari pasar)
9.A: Who will come with Grandma? (Siapa yang akan ikut Nenek?
A: I think we all have to go with her: Tina, Nana, you and I. (Menurutku kita semua harus ikut Nenek: Tina, Nina, kamu adan saya)
10.A: Where are your father and your mother? Are they at home? ( Di manakah ayah dan ibu kalian? Apakah mereka di rumah)
B and C: No. They are out right now.
Personal Pronoun as Object
•Personal Pronoun as Object (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai Object):
Tunggal:
Orang I : me
Orang II : you
Orang III : him (dia-laki-laki)
her (dia-perempuan)
it (dia/ini/itu-benda atau hewan tunggal)
Jamak:
Orang I : us (kami atau kita)
Orang II : you (kalian)
Orang III : them (mereka)
•Contoh penggunaan Personal pronoun as Object:
Do you love me? (Apakah kamu mencintai saya?)
I love you. (Saya cinta kamu.)
Nice to meet you. (senang bertemu kamu)
Look at the man over there. Do you know him? (Lihatlah ke lelaki di sana. Apakah kamu mengenal dia?
She is speaking. Listen to her. (Dia sedang berbicara. Dengarkan dia)
This is my mother. I love her very much. (Ini adalah ibuku. Saya sangat mencintai dia)
This is a very good book. I like it. (Ini adalah sebuah buku yang baik. Saya menyukainya)
They hope us to come. (Mereka mengharapkan kita datang)
I would like to visit you someday, Mr and Mrs Douglas. (Saya ingin mengunjungi anda
sekalian suatu hari nanti, Mr dan Mrs Douglas)
These are my grandparents. I will visit them. (Ini adalah kakek-nenekku. Saya akan mengunjungi mereka)
Adjective Clause (Relative Clause)
Materi tentang adjective clause atau relative clause adalah salah satu materi yang harus dikuasai dengan baik oleh siswa SMA, SMK, hingga mahasiswa perguruan tinggi. Selain dibutuhkan dalam penyusunan dan penulisan kalimat berbahasa Inggris yang efisien, adjective clause atau relative clause juga merupakan salah satu testing point yang selalu diujikan dalam test TOEFL, TOEIC, dan Ujian Akhir Nasional (UAN). Karena itu, setelah mengenal sekilas tentang adjective clause atau relative clause, sekarang kita akan mempelajarinya secara lebih terperinci lagi.
1. Adjective Clause Using Subject Pronouns: Who, Which, That
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Subject Pronouns: "Who", "Which", "That"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. He runs a successful business. I will introduce you to a friend who runs a successful business.
I will introduce you to a friend that runs a successful business.
The book is about religion. It has raised controversy. The book which has raised controversy is about religion.
The book that has raised controversy is about religion.
Notes:
• "Who", "which", atau "that" adalah subyek dalam adjective clause.
• "Who" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang.
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja. (Baca Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause).
2. Adjective Clause Using Object Pronouns: Who(m), Which, That
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Object Pronouns: "Who(m)", "Which", "That"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. You have never met him before. I will introduce you to a friend (who(m)) you have never met before.
I will introduce you to a friend (that) you have never met before.
The book is about religion. I bought it in Gramedia bookstore last week. The book (which) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion.
The book (that) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion.
The song was very popular in 1990's. I am listening to it. The song to which I am listening was very popular in 1990's.
The song (which) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's.
The song (that) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's.
Notes:
• "Whom" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang, umumnya digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris formal. Untuk bahasa Inggris informal dan percakapan, "who" lebih sering dipakai menggantikan "whom".
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja. (Baca Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause).
• Pada bahasa Inggris percakapan (lisan), "who", "which", atau "that" seringkali dihilangkan.
3. Adjective Clause Using Whose
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Whose"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. His interest is learning English. I will introduce you to a friend whose interest is learning English.
The old lady has a painting. Its value is inestimable. The old lady has a painting whose value is inestimable.
Notes:
•Dalam adjective clause atau relative clause, "whose" digunakan untuk menunjukkan milik, menggantikan "his", "her", "its", atau "their".
•Sebagaimana "his", "her", "its", dan "their", "Whose" selalu diikuti kata benda.
•"Whose" tidak bisa dihilangkan.
4. Adjective Clause Using Where
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Where"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will take you to the restaurant. I usually have lunch there (at the restaurant). I will take you to the restaurant where I usually have lunch.
I will take you to the restaurant at which I usually have lunch.
I will take you to the restaurant (which) I usually have lunch at.
The old lady has sold the house. She has lived there (in the house) for more than twenty years. The old lady has sold the house where she has lived for more than twenty years.
The old lady has sold the house in which she has lived for more than twenty years.
The old lady has sold the house (which) she has lived in for more than twenty years.
Notes:
• "Where" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan tempat.
• Jika "where" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan tempat (seperti in, from, to, at, on, under, above) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition harus ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)
5. Adjective Clause Using When
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "When"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
We will never forget the day. My wife gave birth to my first son then (on that day). We will never forget the day when my wife gave birth to my first son.
We will never forget the day on which my wife gave birth to my first son.
We will never forget the day (that) my wife gave birth to my first son.
August is the month. The weather gets very windy then (in August). August is the month when the weather gets very windy.
August is the month in which the weather gets very windy.
August is the month (that) the weather gets very windy.
Notes:
•"When" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan waktu.
•Jika "when" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan waktu (seperti in, on, at) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)
Want to learn more about Adjective Clause?
Untuk mengetahui apakah penulisan adjective clause harus menggunakan koma "," atau tidak, baca "Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause)".
Untuk mengetahui posisi adjective clause sebagai testing point dalam test TOEFL, baca Tips TOEFL: Strategi Mengerjakan Test TOEFL Dengan Mengenali Testing Point.
Read more: http://www.misterguru.web.id/2011/09/adjective-clause-relative-clause.html#ixzz1sLP9DMML
Personal pronouns yang digunakan sebagai subjek kata kerja adalah I, you, he, she, it, we, dan they. Perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut ini:
- Lisa likes cats. She has four cats.
Pada kalimat pertama, Lisa (proper noun) adalah subjek kalimat atau subjek kata kerja likes. Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, she adalah subjek kalimat dan sebagai kata ganti untuk Lisa.
Beberapa contoh personal pronouns sebagai subjek:
- My name is Michael. I am fourteen.
- My father works hard. He works in a factory.
- My sister is older than me. She is twelve.
- Our dog is very naughty. It likes to chase cats.
- Bob, you are a bad boy!
- David and I are playing football. We like sports.
- Jim and Jeff are my brothers. They are older than I am.
Object Pronouns
Personal pronouns yang digunakan sebagai objek kata kerja adalah me, you, him, her, it, us dan them. Perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut ini:
- Lisa likes cats. She likes to stroke them.
Pada kalimat pertama, cats adalah objek kalimat atau objek kata kerja likes. Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, them adalah objek kalimat dan sebagai kata ganti untuk cats.
Beberapa contoh personal pronouns sebagai objek:
- I’m doing my homework. Dad is helping me.
- Goodbye, children! I’ll call you later.
- Where is John? I need to speak to him.
- Miss Garcia is very nice. All the children like her.
- The car is very dirty. Mom is cleaning it.
- Uncle Harry called Mary to ask her a question.
- My chocolates are all gone. Someone has eaten them.
Dalam tata bahasa Inggris, pembicara atau orang yang berbicara disebut dengan orang pertama (first person), sedangkan yang diajak berbicara adalah orang kedua (second person), dan orang yang dibicarakan disebut sebagai orang ketiga (third person).
Berikut ini adalah tabel kata ganti untuk orang pertama, kedua, dan ketiga.
Pengertian
• Personal Pronoun:
Kata ganti untuk mengacu pada orang yang yang diajak bicara atau orang yang dibicarakan. Diantaranya, you; they dll.
• Pronoun yang menunjukkan yang berbicara (the speaker):
first person (Orang pertama): orang yang berbicara→orang I
second person (orang kedua): orang yang diajak bicara→orang II
third person (orang ketiga)→orang yang dibicarakan→orang III
• Personal Pronoun:
1. Personal Pronoun as subject (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai subject)
2. Personal Pronoun as object (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai object)
Personal Pronoun as Subject
• Personal Pronoun as Subject (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai Subject):
Tunggal:
Orang I : I (saya)
Orang II : you (kamu)
Orang III :
he (dia–laki-laki
she (dia-perempuan)
it (dia /ini/ itu-benda atau hewan tunggal)
• Jamak:
Orang I : we (kami atau kita)
Orang II : you (kalian)
Orang III : they (mereka)
•Dalam kalimat affirmative (+) , personal pronoun sebagai subject terlatak di awal kalimat, sesuai dengan pola kalimat dasar bahasa Inggris : S V O K
•Contoh penggunaan personal pronoun as subject dalam kalimat:
1.I am happy. (Saya bahagia)
2.You are very kind. (Kamu sangat baik hati)
3.Are you angry with me? (Apakah kamu marah pada saya?
4.He is a student. (Dia seorang pelajar)
5.Is he your son? (Apakah dia anak lelaki kamu?)
6.That is Miss Ida. She is not a nurse. (Itu Miss Ida. Dia bukan seorang perawat)
7.They hope us to come. (Mereka mengharapkan kita datang)
8.I would like to visit you someday, Mr and Mrs Douglas. (Saya ingin mengunjungi anda sekalian suatu hari nanti, Mr dan Mrs Douglas)
•Contoh- contoh lain
1.I really adore him. (Saya sunguh-sungguh memujanya.)
2.Do you want me to help you? ( Apakah kamu ingin membantu saya?)
3.He does not love you, I think. ( Dia (l) tidak mencintai anda, saya rasa)
4.She lives around here, doesn't she? (Dia tinggal di sekitar sisni, kan?
5.What did she say? (Apa yang dia (p) katakan?
6.It is a tiger, isn't it? (Dia ( bin) seekor harimau, kan?)
7.Is it a DVD or a CD? (apakah dia (benda) sebuah DVD atau sebuah CD?)
8.A: Where are you from? (Dari mana kalian?)
B and C : We are from the market. (Kami dari pasar)
9.A: Who will come with Grandma? (Siapa yang akan ikut Nenek?
A: I think we all have to go with her: Tina, Nana, you and I. (Menurutku kita semua harus ikut Nenek: Tina, Nina, kamu adan saya)
10.A: Where are your father and your mother? Are they at home? ( Di manakah ayah dan ibu kalian? Apakah mereka di rumah)
B and C: No. They are out right now.
Personal Pronoun as Object
•Personal Pronoun as Object (Kata Ganti Orang sebagai Object):
Tunggal:
Orang I : me
Orang II : you
Orang III : him (dia-laki-laki)
her (dia-perempuan)
it (dia/ini/itu-benda atau hewan tunggal)
Jamak:
Orang I : us (kami atau kita)
Orang II : you (kalian)
Orang III : them (mereka)
•Contoh penggunaan Personal pronoun as Object:
Do you love me? (Apakah kamu mencintai saya?)
I love you. (Saya cinta kamu.)
Nice to meet you. (senang bertemu kamu)
Look at the man over there. Do you know him? (Lihatlah ke lelaki di sana. Apakah kamu mengenal dia?
She is speaking. Listen to her. (Dia sedang berbicara. Dengarkan dia)
This is my mother. I love her very much. (Ini adalah ibuku. Saya sangat mencintai dia)
This is a very good book. I like it. (Ini adalah sebuah buku yang baik. Saya menyukainya)
They hope us to come. (Mereka mengharapkan kita datang)
I would like to visit you someday, Mr and Mrs Douglas. (Saya ingin mengunjungi anda
sekalian suatu hari nanti, Mr dan Mrs Douglas)
These are my grandparents. I will visit them. (Ini adalah kakek-nenekku. Saya akan mengunjungi mereka)
Adjective Clause (Relative Clause)
Materi tentang adjective clause atau relative clause adalah salah satu materi yang harus dikuasai dengan baik oleh siswa SMA, SMK, hingga mahasiswa perguruan tinggi. Selain dibutuhkan dalam penyusunan dan penulisan kalimat berbahasa Inggris yang efisien, adjective clause atau relative clause juga merupakan salah satu testing point yang selalu diujikan dalam test TOEFL, TOEIC, dan Ujian Akhir Nasional (UAN). Karena itu, setelah mengenal sekilas tentang adjective clause atau relative clause, sekarang kita akan mempelajarinya secara lebih terperinci lagi.
1. Adjective Clause Using Subject Pronouns: Who, Which, That
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Subject Pronouns: "Who", "Which", "That"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. He runs a successful business. I will introduce you to a friend who runs a successful business.
I will introduce you to a friend that runs a successful business.
The book is about religion. It has raised controversy. The book which has raised controversy is about religion.
The book that has raised controversy is about religion.
Notes:
• "Who", "which", atau "that" adalah subyek dalam adjective clause.
• "Who" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang.
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja. (Baca Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause).
2. Adjective Clause Using Object Pronouns: Who(m), Which, That
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Object Pronouns: "Who(m)", "Which", "That"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. You have never met him before. I will introduce you to a friend (who(m)) you have never met before.
I will introduce you to a friend (that) you have never met before.
The book is about religion. I bought it in Gramedia bookstore last week. The book (which) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion.
The book (that) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion.
The song was very popular in 1990's. I am listening to it. The song to which I am listening was very popular in 1990's.
The song (which) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's.
The song (that) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's.
Notes:
• "Whom" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang, umumnya digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris formal. Untuk bahasa Inggris informal dan percakapan, "who" lebih sering dipakai menggantikan "whom".
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja. (Baca Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause).
• Pada bahasa Inggris percakapan (lisan), "who", "which", atau "that" seringkali dihilangkan.
3. Adjective Clause Using Whose
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Whose"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. His interest is learning English. I will introduce you to a friend whose interest is learning English.
The old lady has a painting. Its value is inestimable. The old lady has a painting whose value is inestimable.
Notes:
•Dalam adjective clause atau relative clause, "whose" digunakan untuk menunjukkan milik, menggantikan "his", "her", "its", atau "their".
•Sebagaimana "his", "her", "its", dan "their", "Whose" selalu diikuti kata benda.
•"Whose" tidak bisa dihilangkan.
4. Adjective Clause Using Where
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Where"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will take you to the restaurant. I usually have lunch there (at the restaurant). I will take you to the restaurant where I usually have lunch.
I will take you to the restaurant at which I usually have lunch.
I will take you to the restaurant (which) I usually have lunch at.
The old lady has sold the house. She has lived there (in the house) for more than twenty years. The old lady has sold the house where she has lived for more than twenty years.
The old lady has sold the house in which she has lived for more than twenty years.
The old lady has sold the house (which) she has lived in for more than twenty years.
Notes:
• "Where" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan tempat.
• Jika "where" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan tempat (seperti in, from, to, at, on, under, above) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition harus ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)
5. Adjective Clause Using When
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "When"
Without adjective clause / relative clause Using adjective clause / relative clause
We will never forget the day. My wife gave birth to my first son then (on that day). We will never forget the day when my wife gave birth to my first son.
We will never forget the day on which my wife gave birth to my first son.
We will never forget the day (that) my wife gave birth to my first son.
August is the month. The weather gets very windy then (in August). August is the month when the weather gets very windy.
August is the month in which the weather gets very windy.
August is the month (that) the weather gets very windy.
Notes:
•"When" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan waktu.
•Jika "when" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan waktu (seperti in, on, at) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)
Want to learn more about Adjective Clause?
Untuk mengetahui apakah penulisan adjective clause harus menggunakan koma "," atau tidak, baca "Menggabungkan Kalimat Menggunakan Adjective Clause (Relative Clause)".
Untuk mengetahui posisi adjective clause sebagai testing point dalam test TOEFL, baca Tips TOEFL: Strategi Mengerjakan Test TOEFL Dengan Mengenali Testing Point.
Read more: http://www.misterguru.web.id/2011/09/adjective-clause-relative-clause.html#ixzz1sLP9DMML
Senin, 12 Maret 2012
Tulisan Bahasa Inggris Bisnis II (Cerita Anak)
1. The Gingerbread Man
The Gingerbread ManOnce upon a time, an old woman and her husband lived alone in a little old house. The couple had no children, and being lonely, the woman decided to make a boy of gingerbread. She carefully mixed the batter, rolled out the dough, and cut out out a very nice gingerbread man. She added sugar icing for his hair, mouth, and clothes, and she used candy chips for buttons and eyes. What a fine looking gingerbread man he was! The old woman put him in the oven to bake. After he was fully done, she slowly opened the oven door. Up jumped the gingerbread man, and he ran out the door saying,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The old woman and the old man ran after him, but they could not catch him.
CowAnd so the Gingerbread Man ran and ran. While he running, he met a cow.
"Moo," said the cow. "You look very fine! Fine enough to eat!" And the cow started to chase to little man.
But the Gingerbread Man ran faster, saying,
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And he laughed,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The cow ran after the Gingerbread Man, but she could not catch him.
HorseThe Gingerbread Man kept running, and soon he met a horse.
"Neigh," said the horse, "You look mighty tasty. I think that I would like to eat you."
"But you can't!" said the Gingerbread Man.
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And so he ran singing,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The horse ran after the Gingerbread Man, but he could not catch him.
ChickenThe Gingerbread Man ran and ran, laughing and singing. While he ran, he met a chicken.
"Cackle, cackle," said the chicken, "You look fine enough to peck for dinner. I'm going to eat you, Mr. Gingerbread Man."
But the Gingerbread Man just laughed.
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
I ran away from a horse,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And so he ran singing,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The chicken ran after the Gingerbread Man, but she could not catch him.
The Gingerbread Man was proud that he could run so fast.
"Nobody can catch me," he thought. So he kept on running until he met a fox.
He just had to tell the fox how he ran faster than all the others.
Fox"Mr. Fox," he said,
"As tasty as I appear to be,
I cannot let you catch and eat me.
I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
I ran away from a horse,
I ran away from a chicken,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
But Mr. Fox did not seem to care.
"Why would I want to bother you?" asked Mr. Fox. "You don't even look that tasty. No, young man, I don't want to eat you at all."
The Gingerbread Man was so relieved.
"Well, indeed, Mr. Fox," said the Gingerbread Man. "If you don't mind, I think I'll take a little rest here." And the Gingerbread Man stopped running and stood still.
And right when he stood still. Snap! went Mr. Fox's jaws right into the Gingerbread Man until he was gone.
"He was very tasty after all," thought the fox.
http://www.ceritaanak.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=137:the-gingerbread-man&catid=41:dongeng-berbahasa-inggris&Itemid=63
The Gingerbread ManOnce upon a time, an old woman and her husband lived alone in a little old house. The couple had no children, and being lonely, the woman decided to make a boy of gingerbread. She carefully mixed the batter, rolled out the dough, and cut out out a very nice gingerbread man. She added sugar icing for his hair, mouth, and clothes, and she used candy chips for buttons and eyes. What a fine looking gingerbread man he was! The old woman put him in the oven to bake. After he was fully done, she slowly opened the oven door. Up jumped the gingerbread man, and he ran out the door saying,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The old woman and the old man ran after him, but they could not catch him.
CowAnd so the Gingerbread Man ran and ran. While he running, he met a cow.
"Moo," said the cow. "You look very fine! Fine enough to eat!" And the cow started to chase to little man.
But the Gingerbread Man ran faster, saying,
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And he laughed,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The cow ran after the Gingerbread Man, but she could not catch him.
HorseThe Gingerbread Man kept running, and soon he met a horse.
"Neigh," said the horse, "You look mighty tasty. I think that I would like to eat you."
"But you can't!" said the Gingerbread Man.
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And so he ran singing,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The horse ran after the Gingerbread Man, but he could not catch him.
ChickenThe Gingerbread Man ran and ran, laughing and singing. While he ran, he met a chicken.
"Cackle, cackle," said the chicken, "You look fine enough to peck for dinner. I'm going to eat you, Mr. Gingerbread Man."
But the Gingerbread Man just laughed.
"I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
I ran away from a horse,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
And so he ran singing,
"Run, run, as fast as you can!
You can't catch me!
I'm the Gingerbread Man!"
The chicken ran after the Gingerbread Man, but she could not catch him.
The Gingerbread Man was proud that he could run so fast.
"Nobody can catch me," he thought. So he kept on running until he met a fox.
He just had to tell the fox how he ran faster than all the others.
Fox"Mr. Fox," he said,
"As tasty as I appear to be,
I cannot let you catch and eat me.
I ran away from an old woman,
I ran away from an old man,
I ran away from a cow,
I ran away from a horse,
I ran away from a chicken,
And I can run away from you!
I can!"
But Mr. Fox did not seem to care.
"Why would I want to bother you?" asked Mr. Fox. "You don't even look that tasty. No, young man, I don't want to eat you at all."
The Gingerbread Man was so relieved.
"Well, indeed, Mr. Fox," said the Gingerbread Man. "If you don't mind, I think I'll take a little rest here." And the Gingerbread Man stopped running and stood still.
And right when he stood still. Snap! went Mr. Fox's jaws right into the Gingerbread Man until he was gone.
"He was very tasty after all," thought the fox.
http://www.ceritaanak.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=137:the-gingerbread-man&catid=41:dongeng-berbahasa-inggris&Itemid=63
Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis II
1. Pembuatan Kalimat Aktif ke Pasif
1.I Simple Present Tense
Nick helps Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.2 Present Continuous Tense
Nick is helping Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is being helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.3 Present Perfect Tense
Nick has helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry has been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.4 Simple Past Tense
Nick helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry was helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.5 Past Continuous Tense
Nick was helping Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry was being helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.6 Past Perfect Tense
Nick had helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry had been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.7 Simple Future Tense
Nick will help Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry will be helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
Nick is going to help Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is going to be helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.8 Future Perfect Tense
Nick will have helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry will have been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
http://radensanopaputra.blogspot.com/2011/06/kalimat-aktif-pasif-dalam-bahasa.html
2. Contoh 10 kalimat Pasif Negatif bahasa Inggris :
Merry isn't helped by Nick
The food wasn't ate by Nick
The paper isn't cut by Merry
The castle was not built by the King of Majapahit
A ceremony is not held by somebody
The boat was not kicked by Sangkuriang
Andi isn't kicked by Merry
The house was not built by me
The car was not stolen by him
The dog was not kicked by me
Contoh 10 kalimat Aktif Tanya bahasa Inggris :
Is Nick helps Merry?
Is Somebody holds a ceremony?
Is The King of Majapahit built the castle?
Is that girl who kicking me?
Is Any built the park?
Is Andy helps me?
Is Intan driving the car?
Is Andy riding the bicycle?
Is Anton built the garage?
Is Putri kissing me?
http://2easy4share.blogspot.com/2011/11/contoh-kalimat-pasif-dan-aktif-bahasa.html
1.I Simple Present Tense
Nick helps Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.2 Present Continuous Tense
Nick is helping Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is being helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.3 Present Perfect Tense
Nick has helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry has been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.4 Simple Past Tense
Nick helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry was helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.5 Past Continuous Tense
Nick was helping Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry was being helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.6 Past Perfect Tense
Nick had helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry had been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.7 Simple Future Tense
Nick will help Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry will be helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
Nick is going to help Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry is going to be helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
1.8 Future Perfect Tense
Nick will have helped Merry. (Kalimat Aktif)
Merry will have been helped by Nick. (Kalimat Pasif)
http://radensanopaputra.blogspot.com/2011/06/kalimat-aktif-pasif-dalam-bahasa.html
2. Contoh 10 kalimat Pasif Negatif bahasa Inggris :
Merry isn't helped by Nick
The food wasn't ate by Nick
The paper isn't cut by Merry
The castle was not built by the King of Majapahit
A ceremony is not held by somebody
The boat was not kicked by Sangkuriang
Andi isn't kicked by Merry
The house was not built by me
The car was not stolen by him
The dog was not kicked by me
Contoh 10 kalimat Aktif Tanya bahasa Inggris :
Is Nick helps Merry?
Is Somebody holds a ceremony?
Is The King of Majapahit built the castle?
Is that girl who kicking me?
Is Any built the park?
Is Andy helps me?
Is Intan driving the car?
Is Andy riding the bicycle?
Is Anton built the garage?
Is Putri kissing me?
http://2easy4share.blogspot.com/2011/11/contoh-kalimat-pasif-dan-aktif-bahasa.html
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